Top 5 FACTS about Synephrine for Weight Loss

P-Synephrine is a compound found in the Bitter Orange plant, along with ephedrine and m-synephrine. It is also produced naturally by our bodies.

Synephrine is a natural compound

The bitter orange tree

The Bitter Orange fruit has a long history of use. It is used in traditional Chinese medicine and is found mostly in Asia and in the Mediterranean. Synephrine is a brain chemical that acts in a similar way to ephedrine and it acts to increase the metabolic rate, helping to aid in weight loss.

Synephrine doesn’t appear to have any effect on heart rate or blood pressure, making it much safer than similar stimulant-like compounds. [1]

Synephrine helps stimulate the metabolism and promotes weight loss

Bitter orange fruit

A recent review of all published and unpublished human studies on Bitter orange extract can be found here. This review found that, throughout the studies, supplementing with p-synephrine was able to significantly:

 

1. Increase resting metabolic rate and energy expenditure
2. Increase weight-loss over a period of 6 – 12 weeks.

 

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The review also found that supplementing with p-synephrine did not produce any adverse

Synephrine aids in weight-loss

effects, even when used in combination with other herbal formulas.

 

Interestingly, of all the clinical studies performed prior to this review, 50% of participants in the studies were obese or overweight. Contrary to public health warnings, two-thirds of these overweight participants consumed synephrine in combination with caffeine.

 

“p-Synephrine alone as well as in combination products were shown to increase resting metabolic rate and energy expenditure, and modest increases in weight loss were observed with bitter orange extract/p-synephrine-containing products when given for six to 12 weeks”.[2]

Synephrine has NO adverse side effects

The same review we quoted above, examining all published and un-published human studies on p-synephrine, found that:

“In general, bitter orange extract alone (p-synephrine) or in combination with other herbal ingredients did not produce significant adverse events as an increase in heart rate or blood pressure, or alter electrocardiographic data, serum chemistry, blood cell counts or urinalysis.”

You may have come across some warnings about p-synephrine use on the internet. There have been reports of some fairly serious side effects relating to synephrine use, and these have been highly publicized by various government health websites.

 

An article by the American Botanical Council in 2004 found that there had

Blood-pressure: No effect

been 127 unique adverse effects reports (AERs) published by the FDA relating to synephrine-containing supplements. Many news and media outlets took hold of this information and generate a storm of negative publicity about synephrine.

 

However, the article looked in depth at every one of these AERs. It found that all but ONE were supplements stacks that contained p-synephrine along with ephedrine and/or m-synephrine.

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Astonishingly, of the 127 AERs relating to synephrine, 82 of the products in question didn’t actually list a single bitter orange compound in their ingredients!

 

The single report of adverse effects by a product that supposedly contained only p-synephrine was a 74-year-old woman who had bought imported small black pills from a Chinese herbalist. She had used three different formulas and one of them was said to contain “immature bitter orange”.

 

“The woman's prior medical history was noted to include osteoarthritis, hypertension, and diabetes. Concomitant prescription drugs were identified as DiaBetaÒ (a blood sugar-lowering drug for diabetics), NorvascÒ (a blood pressure-lowering drug), ZocorÒ (a cholesterol-lowering drug), and a thyroid drug. And the recorded adverse experience: "Felt very unwell, weak," and later, "lower extremity swelling (2+ edema).”[3]

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A more recent review, from 2011, examined the previously mentioned articles and some newer cases, as well as the proposed biochemical actions of synephrine and it also concluded that synephrine appears to be free of negative health effects.[4]

Pre-workout synephrine can increase your reps by up to 11%

Synephrine supplements can increase mean power and volume load

A recent clinical study on twelve healthy young men, examining the effects of synephrine on exercise, found that the compound is highly effective as a pre-workout supplement.

 

The results concluded that supplementing with synephrine prior to a workout produced:

 

1. Up to a 12% increase in one repetition maximum
2. 11% more reps than control or placebo
3. Increase in mean power and velocity by up to 8%

 

The study found that no adverse health effects were reported by any of the participants and no effects on blood lactate or perceived exertion were observed.  This means that the synephrine supplement was able to increase reps, volume load, and mean power and velocity without any perceived increase in exertion.[5]

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Synephrine is effective and safe for promoting weight loss and as a pre-workout

A safe supplement for boosting power and promoting weight loss

In conclusion, studies have found that synephrine is a safe, naturally occurring compound, found mostly in the bitter orange fruit, with a wonderful ability to increase metabolic rate and energy expenditure.

It is effective at increasing power and strength, without the perception of increased exertion. As a pre-workout, synephrine can make you stronger without you even realizing it!

 

References:

 

[1] Synephrine, Examine.com: https://examine.com/supplements/synephrine/, retrieved 15 June, 2016

[2] A Review of the Human Clinical Studies Involving Citrus aurantium (Bitter Orange) Extract and its Primary Protoalkaloid p-Synephrine, Preuss, Shara and Stohs, Int J Med Sci 2012; 9(7):527-538.

[3] Media Spins Numbers on Bitter Orange AERs Based on Erroneous Information from

FDA Review Finds All But One "Report" Associated with Ephedrine or Caffeine, M. McGuffin, HerbalGram. 2006; 69:52-55 American Botanical Council

[4] A Review of the Receptor-Binding Properties of p-Synephrine as Related to Its Pharmacological Effects, Preuss, Shara and Stohs, Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, Volume 2011 (2011), Article ID 482973, 9 pages, 7 June 2011

[5] The effects of supplementation with P-Synephrine alone and in combination with caffeine on resistance exercise performance, J.A. Bush et al., J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2015; 12: 35.

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